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Patented Sept. 21,1897.

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No.. 590,387. n Patented sep1;.21,1897.

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No. 590,387. Patented sept. 21', 1897.

INVENT 13R:

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

EUGENE CHILDS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE AUTOMATIC RAPIDLATI-IE COMPANY, OF SACO, MAINE.

LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,387, datedSeptember 21, l1897.

' Application filed February l5, 1897. Serial No. 623,424. (No model.)

To (LIZ whom it ntf/,y concern:

Beit known that I, EUGENE CHILDS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to variable-speed lathes, and has for its objectto provide a turret-lathe in which the speed of rotation of the workshall be automatically controlled by the position of the turret or itscarriage.

The invention consists in the application of turret devices to latheshaving mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, such as the lathedescribed in Letters -Patent No. 550,489, granted to me November 26,1895.

Of the annexed drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure l isa side elevation of my improved lathe. Fig. 2 is a front ele# vation ofthe same, partly in section, showing part of the speed-changin gmechanism. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, on theline 3 3 of Fig. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the slides forming part of thespeed-changing mechanism. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.Fig. 6 is asection on line 6 6 of Fig. l, showing the turret inelevation. Fig. 7 is a top view of the turret and its carriage. Fig. Sis a section on line S 8 of Fig. G. Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectionalview showing a portion of the mechanism beneath the.

turret. Fig. lO is a section on line 10 l0 of Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is avertical sectional view of one of the sliding blocks in the turret. Fig.12 is an end view of the same. Fig. 13 is a section on line 13 13 ofFig. l2. Fig. 14c is a top view of the turret and of the chucksupporting a piece of work.

The same letters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In my improved lathe power is applied from a convenient source by beltsor other means to either or both of two pulleys cL CL, mounted uponindependent shafts CL' CL and splined thereto, so that said shafts arecapable of longitudinal movement in their bearings and through the saidpulleys. CL2 CL2V are frictionwheels lixed to the inner ends of saidshafts and revolving therewith Vat a constant speed in oppositedirections in frictional contact with the inner faces of twofriction-disks b b. The disk b is attached to a shaft b2, to which isfixed a bevel-gear b3, and the disk b is attached to a sleeve b4, towhich is fixed a bevelgear b5, the said gears meshing with a bevelgearb, fixed to the lower end of a vertical shaft c, which is geared at itsupper end to the head-stock spindle d and drives the said spindle. Itwill be seen, therefore, that the speed of said work-rotatin g spindleCZ is varied by varying the distance of thefriction-wheels CL2 a2 fromthe center of the disks b b. The said friction-wheels are carried byhangers e e, attached to slides e' e, resting on a bed which forms partof the framework of the lathe. Each of the said slides is provided witha rack meshing with the teeth of a horizontal pinion e2, supported on afixed bearing, so that a longitudinal motion imparted to one slide e'will cause the other slide e to move in the opposite direction. Theoperation of these slides is controlled from the turret f by themechanism about to be described.

g represents a crank-arm which is preferably mounted on a rock-shaftg,extending for a considerable portion of the length of the lathe-bedand journaled in suitable supports fixed to the inner walls of the saidlathe-bed. The said crank has a prolongation g2 below the rock-shaft g',the said prolongation constituting an arm which is connected witha luge3,formed on one of the slides e', so that an oscillating or rockingmotion imparted to the crank g or rock-shaft g' will cause the slides ee and the friction-wheels CL2 CL2 to move in or out in the manner beforedescribed.

g3 represents an elongated rod having one end fixed to the upper end ofthe crank g and extending therefrom at right angles approximatelyparallel with the shaft g' and-bein g connected with the said shaft atsuitable points by cross-braces or connecting-struts gl g4, so as toform a substantially rigid structure with the same. The said rod g3constitutes an elongated wrist for the crank g and will be hereinafterreferred to as such.

' The lathe which I am describing is of the well-known turretconstruction, whereby a number of successive operations on the samepiece of work are performed expeditiously by roo ment.

the use of a multiple tool-holder. I show herewith a parallel-feedcarriage t', su pporting a cross-feed carriage h, upon which isrevolubly mounted a turret tool-holder f, the said turret having anumber of tool-holding apertures f'. Beneath the said apertures, andpreferably beneath each one, are a number of sliding blocks j,horizontally mounted in grooved or dovetailed guides formed in theturret and adapted to slide in and out in a direction radial with thecenter of the said turret j. Each block j is provided with means forsliding it in or out in its guides, the said means consisting of aconcave screwthreaded upper surface and a revoluble spindle Za, havingan enlarged screw-threaded portion adapted to engage the threadedportion of the block j. The said spindles 7U' are fitted into vcavitiesformed in the turret above the sliding blocks, and being capable ofrotation but not of longitudinal movement cause the said blocks j toslide in or out when the spindles k are turned. rlhe outer ends of thesaid spindles are preferably squared for engagement with a wrench orsimilar instru- Each block j is further provided on its under surfacewith a roller j', the said rollers projecting downwardly underneath theturret finto a circular cavity Zt', formed in the turret-carriage ZL.

Zrepresents a horizontal arm adapted to swing in the cavity h just`underneath the turret f and pivoted to a vertical shaft Z, which isjournaled in a sleeve-bearing Z2, bolted to the under side of theturret-carriage ZL. The said arm is curved in the arc of a circle for aportion of its length and has guides along its upper portion consistingof upright sides which flare toward the outer end of the arm, forming amouth for the reception of the rollers j. At the lower end of the shaftZ, inside the lathe-bed and making substantially a right angle with thearm Z, is iixed an arm Z3, which has an attachment at its outer end bywhich it engages the wrist g3.

The arm Z, the shaft Z', and the arm Z3 are rigidly connected and areadapted to oscillate together. Each of the rollers j', which projectdownwardly fromthe under side of the turret f, is adapted to enter andengage the troughshaped arm Z, causing it to assume a positioncorresponding to the radial position of the said roller, and 'therebycausing the arm Z3 to move the wrist g3 and thus change the speed of thework-supporting spindle CZ. It now becomes apparent that by adjustingthe several sliding blocks j according to the speed desired the spindleCZ can be given a different speed for each tool in the turret, thechange of speed being accomplished simultaneously with the change oftool by merely rotating the turret on its axis, the roller j engagingand remaining in the arm Z while the tool is at work. It will beobserved also that while a particular tool is at work the speed of thespindle CZ may also be varied by sliding the turret-carriage h in orvout by means of the cross-feed screw, the said speed increasing as thediameter of the work decreases or as the tool approaches the center ofthe work.

The attachment referred to, by means of which the arm Z3 engages theupper bar of the wrist g3, consists of two spool-shaped rollersv Z*l Z4,FigflO, attached to a yoke Z5, which is pivoted underneath the said armZ3 and at the outer end thereof. The said rollers are preferablyparallel-sided to allow of vertical movement of the wrist g3 and areplaced one on either side of the said bar. The said rollers are thusadapted to slide along the said bar with the parallel-feed carriage 'L'or to displace 1t sidewise when the arm Z3 is oscillated.

I claiml. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a turret tool-holder,mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, and means operated bythe rotation of the said tool-holder for controlling the said mechanism.

2. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a turret tool-holder adaptedto be rotated and having independently-adjustable operating devices,such as the rolls j', mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle,and intermediate mechanism controlled by said operating devices tooperate the said speed-varying mechanism.

3. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, mechanism for varying thespeed of said spindle, a tool-holding turret, a'sliding carriagesupporting said turret, a sleeve-bearing fixed to said carriage, avertical shaft adapted to turn in said bearing, an arm carried on theupper end of said shaft and having upright guides adapted to be engagedby mechanism connected with the turret, an arm carried on the lower endof said shaft and provided with vertical rollers connected by a yoke,and intermediate mechanism whereby movement of the said arm operates thespeed-changing mechanism.

4. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a revolubly-mounted turrettool-holder, sliding blocks mounted in guides in said toolholder,adjusting devices for said blocks consistin g of spindles revolublymounted in cavities in the said tool-holder and having an enlargedscrew-threaded portion adapted to engage a screw-threaded portion of thesaid blocks, rollers mounted on the lower portion of said blocks,mechanism for varying the speed of the spindle, and intermediatemechanism operated by the said rollers for controlling the saidspeed-varying mechanism.

5. A lathe having a work-rotating spindle, a cross-feed carriage, aturret tool-holder mounted on said carriage, mechanism for varying thespeed of said spindle, and means for controlling the said mechanism, thesaid means comprising a crank-arm having an elongated wrist extendinglengthwise of the lathe-bed, a horizontal arm engaging the said wrist, avertical sleeve-bearing for said arm, attached to the under side of thecross-feed carriage, and means operated by the tool- IOS rio

holding turret for oscillating the said arm and the said rock-shaft, andthereby operating the said speed-varying mechanism.

G. A lathe having a spindle, a crossfeed carriage a turret tool-holdermounted on said carriage, a mechanism for varying the speed of the saidspindle, comprising reciprocating slides, hangers attached thereto,longitudinally-movable drivin g-shafts, friction-wheels attached theretoand carried by said hangers, the said Wheels being adapted to rotate ,incontact with friction-disks, and a vertical shaft geared with the saiddisks, and with` the work-rotating spindle; and means for controllingthe said mechanism, comprising a crank-arm having a prolongation, thesaid prolongation being attached to 011e ofthe reciprocating slides, anelongated wrist for operating the said crank-arm, a horizontal armadapted to oscillate the said wrist, the said arm being mounted on avertical shaft which is journaled in a sleeve-bearing fixed to the underside of the cross-feed carriage, an arm {ixed to the upper end of vthesaid vertical shaft, and a series of rollers adapted to engage the saidarm, the said rollers being fixed to radially-adjustable sliding blocksmounted in the tool-holding turret.

7. A lathe having a spindle, a cross-feed carriage, a turret tool-holdermounted on said carriage, a mechanism for varying the speed of saidspindle, and means for controlling thc said mechanism comprising thefollowing parts: a crank-arm fixed to a rock-shaft extendinglongitudinally of the lathe-bed and journaled in bearings affixedthereto, the said crank having a prolongation extending below its axisand operatively connected with the speed-varying mechanism, an elongatedwrist fixed to the said crank, a horizontal arm afxed to the lower endof a vertical shaft journaled in a sleeve-bearing which is attached tothe under side of the cross-feed carriage, the said arm engaging thesaid wrist and being adapted to oscillate the said wrist and crank bothby its own oscillation and by the movement of the cross-feed carriage,rollers attached to the said arm for the purpose of engaging the saidrock-shaft, an arm fixed to the upper end of the said vertical shaft andadapted to oscillate in a horizontal plane beneath the turret, slidingblocks mountedv in grooves in said turret and adapted to slide thereinradially with the axis of said turret, rollers carried by said blocks,and adapted to enter and engage the said arm, and means for adjustingthe said sliding blocks.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, this 14th day of 6o January, A.D. 1897.

EUGENE CHILDS.

